List of Indian states by population
| Source | 2011 - Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (page no 17 in pdf) |
| 2019 - Unique Identification Authority of India | |
| Date | 13 May 2020 |
Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India with estimated population of 23.79 crores in 2019. Uttar Pradesh accounts for 17.35% of the total country population. Bihar has overtaken Maharashtra as the second largest state by population with close to 125 million people living here. Three states have population more than 10 crore. 19 states and two union territory have a population of over 1 cr. Delhi (18,710,922) is the largest union territory in India in terms of population.
Almost half of the country's population lives in the five highest populous states, namely, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal and Madhya Pradesh. Ten most populated states of India contribute 74% of India's population. 12 least populous states/UTs contribute only 1 % of India population and 21 lowest constitute only 10 % of the total.
Population of the biggest state Uttar Pradesh is more than the population of Pakistan, the fifth most populous country in the world. Population of 2nd ranked Bihar and 3rd ranked Maharashtra are slightly less than Japan. Seven states have population more than 20th ranked country of the world. 17 states comes under top 50 countries.
Sikkim (690,251) is the smallest state and Lakshadweep (73,183) is the smallest union territory in India on the basis of population.
Bihar has the highest population growth rate during 2011-2019 of 19.89% followed by Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan. Ladakh is the only state/UT having negative decadal growth rate.
| Rank | State/UT | Population | Growth (2019-2011) | Share (%) | Country | W rank | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2011 | Absolute | % | 2019 | ||||
| NCT | Delhi | 18,710,922 | 16,787,941 | 1,922,981 | 11.45 | 1.36 | Malawi | 63 |
| 18 | Haryana | 28,204,692 | 25,351,462 | 2,853,230 | 11.25 | 2.06 | Venezuela | 51 |
| 14 | Kerala | 35,699,443 | 33,406,061 | 2,293,382 | 6.87 | 2.60 | Morocco | 41 |
| 20 | Himachal Pradesh | 7,451,955 | 6,864,602 | 587,353 | 8.56 | 0.54 | China, Hong Kong SAR | 104 |
| 16 | Punjab | 30,141,373 | 27,743,338 | 2,398,035 | 8.64 | 2.20 | Mozambique | 48 |
| 12 | Telangana | 39,362,732 | 35,004,000 | 4,358,732 | 12.45 | 2.87 | Iraq | 36 |
| 25 | Goa | 1,586,250 | 1,458,545 | 127,705 | 8.76 | 0.12 | Bahrain | 153 |
| 19 | Uttarakhand | 11,250,858 | 10,086,292 | 1,164,566 | 11.55 | 0.82 | Haiti | 84 |
| UT3 | Chandigarh | 1,158,473 | 1,055,450 | 103,023 | 9.76 | 0.08 | Eswatini | 159 |
| 9 | Gujarat | 63,872,399 | 60,439,692 | 3,432,707 | 5.68 | 4.66 | France | 23 |
| UT7 | Lakshadweep | 73,183 | 64,473 | 8,710 | 13.51 | 0.01 | Dominica | 204 |
| UT4 | Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu | 615,724 | 586,956 | 28,768 | 4.90 | 0.04 | Luxembourg | 170 |
| 7 | Tamil Nadu | 77,841,267 | 72,147,030 | 5,694,237 | 7.89 | 5.68 | Iran | 20 |
| 17 | Chhattisgarh | 29,436,231 | 25,545,198 | 3,891,033 | 15.23 | 2.15 | Yemen | 48 |
| UT5 | A.& N.Islands | 417,036 | 380,581 | 36,455 | 9.58 | 0.03 | Brunei Darussalam | 176 |
| 3 | Maharashtra | 123,144,223 | 112,374,333 | 10,769,890 | 9.58 | 8.98 | Japan | 12 |
| 8 | Karnataka | 67,562,686 | 61,095,297 | 6,467,389 | 10.59 | 4.93 | United Kingdom | 21 |
| 4 | West Bengal | 99,609,303 | 91,276,115 | 8,333,188 | 9.13 | 7.26 | Egypt | 15 |
| 11 | Odisha | 46,356,334 | 41,974,218 | 4,382,116 | 10.44 | 3.38 | Spain | 31 |
| UT2 | Puducherry | 1,413,542 | 1,247,953 | 165,589 | 13.27 | 0.10 | Trinidad and Tobago | 153 |
| 10 | Andhra Pradesh | 53,903,393 | 49,576,777 | 4,326,616 | 8.73 | 3.93 | Myanmar | 27 |
| 13 | Jharkhand | 38,593,948 | 32,988,134 | 5,605,814 | 16.99 | 2.81 | Afghanistan | 37 |
| 27 | Mizoram | 1,239,244 | 1,097,206 | 142,038 | 12.95 | 0.09 | Mauritius | 158 |
| 21 | Tripura | 4,169,794 | 3,673,917 | 495,877 | 13.50 | 0.30 | Kuwait | 130 |
| 5 | Madhya Pradesh | 85,358,965 | 72,626,809 | 12,732,156 | 17.53 | 6.22 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 17 |
| 1 | Uttar Pradesh | 237,882,725 | 199,812,341 | 38,070,384 | 19.05 | 17.35 | Pakistan | 5 |
| 6 | Rajasthan | 81,032,689 | 68,548,437 | 12,484,252 | 18.21 | 5.91 | Iran | 20 |
| 28 | Sikkim | 690,251 | 610,577 | 79,674 | 13.05 | 0.05 | Solomon Islands | 166 |
| 2 | Bihar | 124,799,926 | 104,099,452 | 20,700,474 | 19.89 | 9.10 | Japan | 12 |
| 23 | Manipur | 3,091,545 | 2,855,794 | 235,751 | 8.26 | 0.23 | Mongolia | 137 |
| 26 | Arunachal Pradesh | 1,570,458 | 1,383,727 | 186,731 | 13.49 | 0.11 | Bahrain | 153 |
| UT1 | Jammu & Kashmir | 13,606,320 | 12,258,433 | 1,347,887 | 11.00 | 0.99 | Guinea | 75 |
| UT6 | Ladakh | 289,023 | 290,492 | -1,469 | -0.51 | 0.02 | French Guiana | 183 |
| 24 | Nagaland | 2,249,695 | 1,978,502 | 271,193 | 13.71 | 0.16 | Botswana | 146 |
| 22 | Meghalaya | 3,366,710 | 2,966,889 | 399,821 | 13.48 | 0.25 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 135 |
| 15 | Assam | 35,607,039 | 31,205,576 | 4,401,463 | 14.10 | 2.60 | Morocco | 41 |
| India | 1,371,360,350 | 1,210,854,977 | 160,505,373 | 13.26 | 100 | 2 | ||